What could be a consequence of high hydraulic loading in a mound system?

High hydraulic loading in a mound system refers to the situation where water is applied to the system at a rate that exceeds its capacity to absorb and treat the effluent effectively. As a result, one significant consequence of this scenario is the increased risk of surface water contamination.

When the hydraulic loading is too high, the system may become saturated, leading to insufficient treatment of the wastewater before it is released into the surrounding soil. This saturation can create conditions where effluent can escape the confines of the mound system, leading to direct discharge into surface waters such as streams, rivers, or lakes. Contaminants within the effluent, including pathogens and nutrients, can then enter these water bodies, potentially causing pollution and harming aquatic ecosystems.

The importance of managing hydraulic loading levels cannot be overstated, as it is crucial for maintaining both the functionality of the mound system and the protection of nearby water resources.