Which factor is primarily assessed through soil percolation tests?

The primary focus of soil percolation tests is to measure the rate of water absorption in the soil. This testing is crucial in the context of designing and evaluating soil absorption systems, such as mound systems, used for septic effluent disposal. During the test, water is introduced into a dug hole, and the speed at which the water infiltrates the soil is recorded.

This rate of percolation helps determine how well the soil can absorb and treat wastewater, which is essential for ensuring that the system operates effectively and minimizes environmental impact. A faster rate of percolation may indicate a more permeable soil that can handle higher volumes of water, while a slower rate may point to potential issues in drainage and treatment capabilities. Therefore, understanding the water absorption capacity of the soil directly informs decisions about site suitability and system design.